I have been long enough not to touch this blog, and now I’m back

P.S. you can see my last posting date
^^v

i’m back, benybee is back!!!

copypaste from here

Figure 4.1. Turn On and Off LED

Step 1st
Build the circuit as shown in figure 4.1. As you seen on figure 4.1. Remember, that all we want to do with this lesson is send data out trough PC serially, to turn off and on LED.

Step 2nd
In this step, you must tipe the assembly program to make your serial working, we assume that you have already known the editor, we used MIDE-51 to edit the program. ( Download File asm and hex : testingLED.zip )

        org 0h
        nop
        call initserial
gets:   call inchar
        mov P2,a
        sjmp gets
;
initserial:
        mov scon,#52h
        mov tmod,#20h
        mov th1,#-13
        setb tr1
        ret
;
inchar:
        detect: jnb ri,detect;
        clr ri
        mov a,sbuf
        ret
;
End 

To get the data from microcontroller serially, computer must run the program to get data from port communication RS232, in this experiment I have been used Delphi programming: ( Download File Delphi : testingLED.zip )

(a)

(b)
Figure 4.2. Delphi Programming to Turn off and On

var
    Form1: TForm1;
    data,status:byte;
const
    base = $3f8;{base address port serial}
    lcr = 3; {line control register}
    dll = 0; {divisor lacht low byte}
    dlh = 1; {divisor lacht high byte}
    lsr = 5; {line status register}

Procedure Initserial;
begin
    asm
        mov dx,base+lcr; {address line control register}
        mov al,$80 ; {10000000b = access bit divisor lacht}
        out dx,al
;
        mov dx,base+dll; {address divisor lacht low byte}
        mov al,$30 ; {DLLB = 30h}
        out dx,al
;
        mov dx,base+dlh; {address divisor lacht high byte}
        mov al,$00     ; {DLLH = 00h}
        out dx,al
;                       {In this case Port Serial have}
;                       { baud rate = 2400 bps}
        mov dx,base+lcr;{address line control register}
        mov al,$03 ;    {00000011b =}
        out dx,al ;     {bit 7=0, access to Rx buffer & Tx
;                       {bit 6=0, set break disable
;                       {bit 5-4-3=000, no parity
;                       {bit 2=0, one stop bit
;                       {bit 1-0=11,data lenght 8 bit}
        end;
end;

Procedure Send_Data_Serial;
begin
    asm
        mov dx,base
        mov al,data
        out dx,al
    end
end;

procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
  Initserial;
end;

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
repeat
  asm
   mov dx,base+lsr ; {address line status register }
   in al,dx
   and al,$20      ; {00100000b =not masking bit 5}
   mov status,al   ; {bit5=Empty Transmitting holding reg}
  end;
until status = $20;{If ETHR = 1 then data ready tobe send }
data:=0;
Send_Data_Serial;
end;

procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
 repeat
  asm
   mov dx,base+lsr; {address line status register }
   in al,dx
   and al,$20     ; {00100000b =not masking bit 5}
   mov status,al  ; {bit5=Empty Transmitting holding reg}
  end;
until status = $20; { If ETHR = 1 then data ready tobe send}
data:=1;
Send_Data_Serial;
end;

;{do the same instruction for 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 }

;

;

procedure TForm1.Button10Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
 repeat
    asm
      mov dx,base+lsr ; {address line status register }
      in al,dx
      and al,$20 ; {00100000b =not masking bit 5}
      mov status,al ; {bit5=Empty Transmitting holding reg}
    end;
until status = $20; { If ETHR = 1 then data ready tobe send }
data:=255;
Send_Data_Serial;
end;

Step 3rd
Safe your assembly program above, Compile the program that you have been save by using MIDE-51, see the software instruction.

Step 4th
Download your hex file (testingLED.hex ) into the microcontroller by using Microcontroller ATMEL ISP software, see the instruction.After download this hex file you’ll see the action of serial transmition( of course if your cable connection and your program are corrected ).

copy paste from: http://www.mytutorialcafe.com/ 

Figure 4.1. Standard serial communication

The serial port can operate in 4 modes:

Mode 0:
Serial data enters and exits through RxD. TxD outputs the shift clock. 8 bits are transmitted/received (LSB first). The baud rate is fixed at 1/12 the oscillator frequency.

Mode 1:
10 bits are transmitted (through TxD) or received (through RxD): a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), and a stop bit (1). On receive, the stop bit goes into RB8 in Special Function Register SCON. The baud rate is variable.

Mode 2:
11 bits are transmitted (through TxD) or received (through RxD): start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable 9th data bit, and a stop bit (1). On Transmit, the 9th data bit (TB8 in SCON) can be assigned the value of 0 or 1. Or, for example, the parity bit (P, in the PSW) could be moved into TB8. On receive, the 9th data bit goes into RB8 in Special Function Register SCON, while the stop bit is ignored. The baud rate is programmable to either 1/32 or 1/64 the oscillator frequency.

Mode 3:
11 bits are transmitted (through TxD) or received (through RxD): a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable 9th data bit, and a stop bit (1). In fact,
Mode 3 is the same as Mode 2 in all respects except baud rate. The baud rate in Mode 3 is variable.

In all four modes, transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination register. Reception is initiated in Mode 0 by the condition RI = 0 and REN = 1. Reception is initiated in the other modes by the incoming start bit if REN = 1.

Serial Port Control Register
The serial port control and status register is the Special Function Register SCON, shown in Figure 11. This register contains not only the mode selection bits, but also the 9th data bit for transmit and receive (TB8 and RB8), and the serial port interrupt bits (TI and RI).

Baud Rates
The baud rate in Mode 0 is fixed: Mode 0 Baud Rate = Oscillator Frequency / 12. The baud rate in Mode 2 depends on the value of bit SMOD in Special Function Register PCON. If SMOD = 0 (which is the value on reset), the baud rate is 1/64 the oscillator frequency. If SMOD = 1, the baud rate is 1/32 the oscillator frequency. Baud Rate mode 2:
,
In the 80C51, the baud rates in Modes 1 and 3 are determined by the Timer 1 overflow rate.

Using Timer 1 to Generate Baud Rates
When Timer 1 is used as the baud rate generator, the baud rates in Modes 1 and 3 are determined by the Timer 1 overflow rate and the value of SMOD as follows: Baud Rate Mode 1,3

The Timer 1 interrupt should be disabled in this application. The Timer itself can be configured for either “timer” or “counter” operation, and in any of its 3 running modes. In the most typical applications, it is configured for “timer” operation, in the auto-reload mode (high nibble of TMOD = 0010B). In that case the baud rate is given by the formula: Baud Rate Mode 1,3

One can achieve very low baud rates with Timer 1 by leaving the Timer 1 interrupt enabled, and configuring the Timer to run as a 16-bit timer (high nibble of TMOD = 0001B), and using the Timer 1 interrupt to do a 16-bit software reload. Figure 12 lists various commonly used baud rates and how they can be obtained from Timer 1.

(1/1/2008 4:53:41 PM): iya ini wireless
ME (1/1/2008 4:54:02 PM): di apartemen
ME (1/1/2008 4:54:04 PM): ???
ME (1/1/2008 4:54:54 PM):

ME: mba harga 1 bulan internet tepatnya berapa disana???
BUZZ!!!
an*****ny: jgan pake buzz2 ga sopan
an*****ny: 60 sgd sebulan
an*****ny: 360rb
ME: katanya 30
an*****ny: dibagi 3 orang 120 rb sebulan
an*****ny: kata sapa?
an*****ny: iya aku 30
an*****ny: 60 itu buat dirumah
ME: loh itu bisa di seluruh singapore ato di appartement aja
an*****ny: dibagi berpapenggunanya
an*****ny: gitu…
ME: loh itu bisa di seluruh singapore ato di appartement aja
an*****ny: oh itu wireless dirumah
an*****ny: di singapore banyak t4 gratis wireless
ME: kecepatannya sama
ME: yang gratis
ME: ???
an*****ny: kayaknya si enggal
an*****ny: k
an*****ny: soale waktu dieprpus lama
an*****ny: ga lama amat siii
ME: hmmm di
ME: di indonesia haraga bandwidth kelas 8Mbps tu ampe puluhan juta
ME: gila
ME: pemerintah indonesia belum berpihak pada rakyat
ME:
an*****ny: oya?
an*****ny: waw

Di Philipina sendiri harga bandwidth kelas ADSL untuk 780 Kbps upstream 1:2 adalah seharga Rp. 200.000 dan kalau dibandingkan di Indonesia untuk bandwidth kelas 512 Kbps upstream 1:2 adalah seharga Rp. 10.000.000 – Rp 15.000.000 tentulah nominal kedua bukanlah sebuah harga yang murah.

Lantas kenapa harga bandwidth di Indonesia mahal? Seharusnya pemerintah menyadari bahwa jalur komunikasi paling cepat didapatkan adalah dari Internet, dan seharusnya pula biaya untuk sarana tersebut adalah murah dan memihak kepada rakyat. Kita bisa melihat di Pasal 33 UUD 1945 yang
menyebutkan:

[…]

Demikian pasal 33 ayat (1), (2) dan (3) Undang-undang Dasar 1945. Penjelasan pasal 33 menyebutkan bahwa “dalam pasal 33 tercantum dasar demokrasi ekonomi, produksi dikerjakan oleh semua, untuk semua dibawah pimpinan atau penilikan anggota-anggota masyarakat. Kemakmuran masyarakat-lah yang diutamakan, bukan kemakmuran orang seorang”. Selanjutnya dikatakan bahwa “Bumi dan air dan kekayaan alam yang terkandung dalam bumi adalah pokok-pokok kemakmuran rakyat. Sebab itu harus dikuasai oleh Negara dan dipergunakan untuk sebesar-besarnya kemakmuran rakyat”.

Sehingga, sebenarnya secara tegas Pasal 33 UUD 1945 beserta penjelasannya, melarang adanya penguasaan sumber daya alam ditangan orang-seorang. Dengan kata lain monopoli, oligopoli maupun praktek kartel dalam bidang
pengelolaan sumber dayya alam adalah bertentangan dengan prinsip pasal 33.

[…]

Namun yang terjadi adalah suimber daya frekwensi seluruhnya dikuasi oleh negara dan tidak digunakan untuk sebesar-besarnya demi kemakmuran dan kesejahteraan rakyat. TELKOMNET yang katanya perusahaan memihak kepada rakyat dengan program baru “Internet datang ke Sekolah” tetap saja memberikan harga yang lumayan gila, sekisar Rp. 9000/jam atau malam minggu dengan harga Rp. 6000/jam.

Namun kita bisa sedikit berharap dengan niatan pemerintah untuk mendirikan Backbone sendiri (seperti yang diberitakan di media lokal Detikinet) dengan harapan harga koneksi internet di Indonesia bisa sedikit lebih murah dari harga yang sekarang. Tapi saya pribadi kok ragu dengan niatan pemerintah tersebut, karena belajar dari pengalaman, pemerintah Indonesia hanya nge-gas pol pada saat pertama saja. Dan ketika proses berjalannya penuh dengan trik dan intrik busuk.

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